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asymptomatic: to have no symptoms of disease; evidence of disease is not noticeable by the patient
chronic: a disease having a long duration, typically a lifelong condition that can be treated but not cured
cornea: the transparent, bowl-shaped structure at the front of the eye covering the iris and the pupil
cupping: the indentation in the optic disc; cupping can increase (deepen) over time as a result of progression of glaucoma disease
diminishes: reduces; lessens
disease progression: the worsening of a disease characterized by increased tissue or organ damage and/or worsening of symptoms (eg, deterioration of vision)
elevated IOP: raised or increased intraocular pressure; high eye pressure
glaucoma: a group of eye diseases (many different types) resulting in damage to the optic nerve; commonly characterized by elevated IOP; can lead to blindness if left untreated
glaucomatous: related to or affected by glaucoma
gradual: changing little by little over time
hyperemia: conjunctival hyperemia is the medical term for increased eye redness
IOP: intraocular pressure; the pressure within the eyes
irreversible: not able to be corrected; permanent
LUMIGAN®: LUMIGAN® is an eye drop medication used to lower elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
mmHg: millimeters of mercury; how IOP is measured
normal-pressure glaucoma: a type of open-angle glaucoma in which IOP is within normal range, yet the optic nerve is still damaged and there is a visual field defect; also called low-tension or normal-tension glaucoma
ocular hypertension: consistent elevated eye pressure (IOP); high IOP but without any detectable visual field defect or optic nerve damage
open-angle glaucoma: the most common form of glaucoma; typically characterized by chronic elevated IOP, optic nerve damage, and visual field loss
ophthalmoscope: a medical device used to view the interior of the eye (including the optic nerve head)
optic disc: area in the back of the eye where the optic nerve leaves the eye
optic nerve: the nerve that carries visual images from the eye, specifically the retina, to the brain
perimetry test: a test that measures an individual’s visual field (range of vision); also called visual field test
peripheral vision: area of view that is not the center focus; eg, side vision or what you may see “out of the corner of your eye”
primary: the first or of the highest rank of importance
retina: the innermost layer of the eye; sends visual images as electrical messages through the optic nerve to the brain
RGC: retinal ganglion cells are found in the retina, convert images received into electrical messages, and then send those messages to the optic nerve
risk factor: a medical, hereditary, or behavioral characteristic associated with increased likelihood of developing a disease
tonometry: a type of test used to measure IOP (eye pressure)
visual field: the entire field of vision, central and peripheral; measured by a perimetry test
visual field defect: a missing area or spot in the visual field; in patients with glaucoma, the first sign of visual field defect typically occurs in the peripheral or side vision
visual field loss: in patients with glaucoma, it is the deterioration of
vision over time; typically, the side or peripheral vision is lost first, characterized by a narrowing of what is seen outside of center focus
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